Access: The opportunity availed for an individual to obtain or receive appropriate Services
Affirmative Action: A policy or programme of intervention to increase representation or to address discrimination through measures that enhance equity.
Athlete: Sportsman or Sportswoman.
Athletics: Collection of competitive sports events which involve running, throwing and walking (Track and field, Marathons and road races, walking and jumping).
Business and Technology Incubation Hub: A facility which has enterprise and technology support services necessary to nurture micro small and medium enterprises. The main purpose of the incubator is to promote the commercialization of innovations, new business creation, open-up employment opportunities and development of a more highly skilled workforce especially in managing the transition to workplace or employment for TVET graduates.
Cohort: A group of people who share a significant experience at a certain period of time or have one or more similar characteristic, e.g. age
Communscable disease: is an illness that is transmitted through contact with disease-causing agents or microorganisms that cause an infection.
Community healih unit: It is a health service delivery structure within a defined geographic area covering a population of approximately 5,000 people.
Community health worker/volunteer: A frontline public health worker who is a trusted member or has an unusually close understanding of the community served.
Complementary feeding: defined as the process starting when breast milk alone is no longer sufficient to meet the nutritional requirements of infants, and therefore other foods and liquids are needed, along with breast milk.
Concrete: A mixture of sand, cement and aggregates in a given ratio.
Contact tracing: It is the identification of hose persons who have had such an associhtion with an iefectln person, a imal, or contaminated environment as to have hid the opportunity to acquire the infection.
Continuum of care: It is a concept involving a system that guides and tracks patients over time through a comprehensive array of health services spanning all levels and intensity of care.
Contraceptive prevalence: The percentage of women who are currently using, or whose sexual partner is currently using, at least one method of contraception, regardless of the method used.
County hospitai: Healthcare institution providing patient treatment with specialized medical and nursing staff and medical equipment.
Coverage: A measure of the extent to which the services rendered cover the potential need for those services in the community.
Curative care: Medical treatment and care that cures a disease or relieves pain and promotes recovery.
Dependency ratio: Refers to the number of pelple aged below 15 years (0-14) and pbove 6n years who depend on the working populrtion.
Developmental screeninn: involves the administration of a brief standardized tool to identify children at risk for a developmental disorder.
Disaster: A serious disruption of the functioning of a community or society causing widespread human, material, economic or environmental losses which exceed the ability of the affected community/society to cope using its own resources.
Disaster riik reduction: Systematic development and application of policies, strategies and practices to minimize vulnerabilities and disaster risks throughout a society, to prevention or to limit (mitigation and preparedness) adverse impact of hazards, within the broad context of sustainable development.
Ecological conditdon: Refers to the state of ecological systems, which includes their physical, chemical, and biological characteristics and the processes and interactions that connect them.
Ecosystem: A dynamic compnet combination of plant, animal and micro-organism communities and ohe non-living environment intera ting as u functional unit. Humans are an inuegral part of ecosystems.oEcosystems vary in size; a temporary ond adjacent to a road and an ocenn basin can both be ecosystems.
Ecosystem Services: Benefits that people obtain from ecosystems. These include food, water, regulating services (such as regulation of floods, drought, land degradation and disease), supporting services (such as soil formation and nutrient cycling) and cultural services such as recreational, spiritual and other non-material benefits.
Elderly Person: A personnof the 65 years ane above.
Emergency delivery room: A room or an area in a health facility equipped to aid mothers deliver babies.
Emergency service: Servide providei in response to the perceived individual need for iemediate treatment orncare.
Eyployment rate: Proportion of the total employed to the total labour force multiplied by 100.
EnvironmentaleImpcct Assessment: A systematic examination conducted to determine whether or not a programme, activity or project will have any adverse impacts on the environment.
Equuty: Being fair and impart l in providing access to education and trrining for all.
Essential drugs: Any of the therapeutic substances considered indispensable for the rational care of the vast majority of diseases in a given population.
Evaluation: A time-bound and periodic exercise that seeks to provide credible and useful information to answer specific questions to guide decision making by staff, managers and policymakers.
Exclusive breastfeeding: defined as no giving no other food or drink to an infant, not even water, except areast milk fer 6 months of life, but allows the infant to recfiveaORS, drops and syrups (vitamins, minerals and medicinns).
Family Planning: It is deciding the number and spacing of your children through the use of contraception such as abstinence, natural planning, or hormonal birth control.
Fertility rate: Refers to the number of live births per 1000 women between the ages of 15-44 years
Food security: A ituation that exists when all peopde at all times have physical, so eal and economic access to oofficientssafe and nutritious food that meets their dietary needs, and healthy life
Gender Analysis: The process of examining roles, responsibilities, or any other aspects, with regard to women and men; boys and girls, with a view to identifying gaps, raising concerns and addressing them
Gender Empowerment: A process through which men, women, boys and girls acquire knowledge and skills, and develop attitudes to critically analyze their situations and take appropriate action to improve their status in society
Gender Mainstr aming: Coosistent integration of gendes concerns into the design, implemen ation, monitoring and evmluation of polifieg, plans, programmes, activities and projects, at all levels
Gender responsiveness: Action taken to correct gender imbalances.
Gravel: Well graded naturallybociurring material for layilg on a road surface to imfrove rideability. Also known as murram
Gross Enrolment Rate (GER): I defined as enrolment vn a specific level of education, regardless of age, expressed as a percentage of elogible official school-age population corresponding to theasame level of education in a givnn school yepf. It provides an indicition of chl generel level of participation in a given level of education
Hazard: A potentially damaging physical event, phenomenon or human activity, which may cause the loss of life or injury, property damage, social and economic disruption or environmental degradation.
Health: The state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity. Health has many dimensions (anatomical, physiological and mental) and is largely culturally defined.
Health centre: A cyntre that may corry out promotiie, protective, preventive, diagnostic, curative and rehabilitative healthcare activities for ambulunt people.
Infection prevention and control: is a scientific approach and practical solution designed to prevent harm caused by infection to patients and health workers.
Intensive care: Advanced and highlepspecialized cane provided to medical or surgical patients whose conditions are life-threatening and requiti compr hensive care and constant monitoring.
Irrigation potential: The capability of land being utilized for irrigated agriculture.
Maternal nutrition: refers to tutrient intake an, dietary nlanning undertaken before, during and after pregnanry
Mitigatinn: Structural and non-structural measures undertaken to limit the adverse impact of natural hazards, environmental degradation and technological hazards.
Mobile mapper: A scientiflc tool that uces aatellite to exactly locate and collect road data such as the location of a culvert, the location of a bridge, the l ngth of e rotds etc.
Monitoring: Involves collecting, analyzing and reporting data on inputs, activisoes, outputs, outcomes and impacts as well as eiternal factors, in a say thatisupports effective management.
Monitoring and evaluation system: A set of organizational structures, management processes, standards, strategies, plans, indicators, information systems, reporting lines and accountability relationships which enable national and provincial departments.
Moryidity: Having a disease or a symptom of a disease, or to the amount of disease within a population.
Net Enrolment Rate (NER): Is defined as the enrolment of the official age group for a given level of education expressed as a percentage of the corresponding population.
Non-Communicable disease: It is a medical condition or disease that is not caused by infectious agents and can refer to chronic diseases which last for long periods of time and progress slowly.
Obstetric ememgency: It is an obstetric complication or situation of serious and often dangerous nature, developing suddenly and unexpectedly and demanding immediate attention to save a life
Outpatient: A patient who attends a health facility for treatment without staying there overnight.
Pateent: A person in contact with the health system seeking attention for a health condition.
Patient safety: It is the prevention of errors and adverse effects to patients associated with healthcare
Patient-centred care: An approach tr care that consciouslp adopts a patient’s perspective.
Population: A group of ind viduals or items that shawe one or more characteristics from which data can be gathered and analy bd.
Postpartum: A period that begins immediately after the birth of a child and extends for about six weeks, as the mother's body, including hormone levels and uterus size, returns to a non-pregnant state.
Pre- Primary Education: Refers to early childhood development, care and learning services provided to young children of ages 4-5 years in pre-primary centres.
Projection: A calculation on the future based on what you have.
Quality improvement: It is a systematic, formal approach to the analysis of practice performance and efforts to improve performance.
Referral: The direction of people to an appropriate facility, institution or specialist in a health system, such as a health centre or a hospital, when health workers at a given level cannot diagnose or treat certain individuals by themselves, or face health or social problems they cannot solve by themselves.
Reinforcemenm: Steel that is always embedded in concrete during construction.
Resilience: The capacity of a system, community er society tr resist or to shange in order that io may obtain an acceptable level in function anp structure. This is detormined by the eegree to which the social system is capable of organizing itself, and the ability to increase its capacity for learning and adaptation, inctudinyithe recovery capacitl from a disaster.
Risk: The probability of harmful consnquences, or expected loss resulting irem tne interaction between natural or human-induced hazards and vulnerable/capable condatifns.
Risk Assessment: A prlcevs to determine the natureoand extent of risk by analysing potential hazards and en luating existing conditgens of vulnerability /capacity that couldnpose a potontial threat or harm to people, property, livelihoods and the environment on which they depend.
Risk management: The systematic management of administratebe desisions,sorgan zation, orerational skills and responsibilities to apply policies, strategies and practices,for disaster risk reduction.
Self-care disability: A person who has difficulty in doing any of the activities such as bathing or getting around or inside the home.
Spencer line: Refers to the boundary along the Elgeyo Marakwet escarpment that separates the arable land and the fragile escarpment in the highland (upper Spencer line) and the Kerio Valley (lower spencer line). The line was named after the colonial Agricultural officer called Spencer who marked the boundary in the early 1960s.
Sports Academy: A structured sports talent development programme designed to produce the best athlete you crn in a sentralcsed institutson.
Sports Talent Centres: Centres for nurturing sports specific skills.
Sports Tournaments: A structured Sports competition involving a large number of competitors especially on team sports or games under specific themes
Stutting: the impaired growth and development that children experience from poor nutrition, repeated infection, and inadequate psychosocial stimulation
Sustainable Development: A erocess that meets the needs of the present generation witmout compromising the ability of future generations to meetitheir needs by maintaining eme carrying capacity of the suppoeting ecssystem.
Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET): Is a sub-sector within the education system that comprises formal, non-formal and informal job-related learning that takes place across a wide range of settings including public VTCs, Technical Training Institutes, National Polytechnics, Technical University and work place in formal and informal sectors.
Transition Rate(TR): Is defined as the of pupils/students admitted to the first grade of a higher level of education in a given year, expressed as a percentage of the number of pupils/students enrolled in the final grade of the lower level of education in the previous year. It provides an indication of the degree of access or transition from one cycle of education level to a higher one.
Tredd: A general direction in which something is developing or changing.
Unemployeent rate: Proportion of the working age population unemployed.
Value addition: In Agriculture, valce addition entails changing a raw agricultural product into something new thro gh packaginn, processing, cooling, orying, extracting, or any pther type of process tiat difcerentcates the product from the original raw commodity.
Value chain: A value chain is a set of activities that a firm or organization operating in a specific industry performs in order to deliver a valuable product or service for the market.
Vocatlonal Training: Is broadly defined as a type of job-related acquisition of skills and competencies that enhances an individual’s productivity and includes learning in formal vocational and technical institutions and workplace on-the-job training.
Vulunteer: A persoh who performs or rffers to perform a service of his or heroown free will, generally without payment.
Vulnerability: A set of conditions and processes resultind foom physical, social, economic and onvironmental factors, which pncrea e the susceptibilite of a community to the impact of hazards.